# Vim

If a file is read-only and can't be changed, use sudo vim file to open it as root.

# Modes

ESC - Command (Default)
i - Insert (Editing)
v - Visual (Like Command, but with selection)

# General

: - Commands.
. - Repeat previous command.
u - UNDO.
CTRL + r - REDO.
c + movement - Change up to movement.

# Inside

command + i + character - Do a command inside characters.

vi" - Select everything inside "".
xi( - Delete everything inside (). ci{ - Change (Delete and enter insert mode) inside {}.

# Tabs

:tabe FILEPATH - Open file in new tab
:tabn - Next tab
:tabp - Previous tab

# Copy & Paste

Enter visual mode and select text.

y - Copy (yank) selected.
d - Cut selected.
p - Paste after cursor.

x - Delete selected.

These can be combined with movements. Ex. x2e is delete next 2 words.

yy - Copy (yank) line in normal mode.
dd - Cut line in normal mode.

# Save & Exit

:w - Save
:q - Quit
:wq - Save & Quit
:q! - Cancel & Quit

# Moving

All of these can be used in visual mode for selection.

j - Down
k - Up
h - Left
l - Right

w - Forward one word.
b - Back one word.
e - End of word.

Adding a number before a command, will repeat it n times. Ex. 3h will go up 3 lines, 5dd will detele 5 lines.

0 - Beginning of line.
$ - End of line.

% - Jump to matching tag i.e. ), }, ].

f + character - Jump to next character.
t + character - Jump before next character.

* - Next occurrence of word under cursor.
# - Previous occurrence of word under cursor.

gg - Beginning of file.
G - End of file.
nG - Jump to line n.

# Search

/ + string + Enter = Search for string forwards.
? + string + Enter = Search for string backwards.
n - Next occurrence.
N - Previous occurrence.

# Replace

:%s/text/replacement/g - Replace text on every line.
:s/text/replacement/g - Replace text on current line.

# Insert

o - Create new line under cursor and enter INS mode.
O - Create new line above cursor and enter INS mode.

x - Delete character.
X - Backspace.

r + new character - Change character under cursor without INS mode.

# Multiple Inserts

n times + i + string + ESC = Multiple inserts.

Ex. 5ifoo + ESC will result in foofoofoofoofoo.

# Editor

:set number - Show line numbers.